Page 26 - TrafficInfraTech Dec-Jan 2019

ITS

technologies can provide drivers with an devices can be used to detect drivers a wireless communication link to read. This
advanced warning of an approaching who are tailgating. Such systems provide electronic tag can be located anywhere
emergency vehicle in emergency mode Police with an objective measurement of on the vehicle and can transmit vehicle
(e.g., lights and sirens active) so they vehicle’s following distance. Cameras information such as registration number,
have more opportunity to move out of have been developed that are capable of vehicle identification (VIN) number,
the emergency vehicle’s path. In vehicle detecting the distance between vehicles vehicle make, model and dimensions,
emergency, vehicle proximity warning and taking a visual image of those vehicles and vehicle classification category. EVI
devices issue warnings to drivers when that are detected travelling too close to can be used in a range of applications
an emergency vehicle is approaching. the vehicle in front. Laser Technology including traffic law enforcement, by
Railway Level Crossing warnings has also developed a hand-held laser automatically identifying vehicles that
and camera speed detection system with a built-in are over speeding, violating red lights,
following distance detection device. This‚ or moving in restricted lanes. Electronic
A range of prototype technologies distance between cars device is capable tag readers linked to speed and red light
have been developed and evaluated of determining the distance between cameras can be activated when a vehicle
that detect approaching trains and two moving vehicles. The device can is detected over speeding or violating
provide in-vehicle or infrastructure- be used in handheld mode or mounted a red light. System designers and
based warnings to drivers at unmanned on a stationary Police vehicle. A camera researchers claim that the use of EVI has
railway level crossings. These systems unit can also be attached to the device a number of advantages over automatic
use a range of sensors and transmitters so that an image of vehicles deemed to license plate recognition systems, namely
to detect approaching trains, such be following too closely could be taken. being able to detect every vehicle
as sensors to detect the vibrations passing the reader unit unlike license
of approaching trains or transmitters Prevention of mobile phones in plate recognition systems which cannot
located on trains that are detected vehicles read all license plates under certain
by receivers in vehicles approaching Mobile phone jammers prevent lighting conditions or if the plate is dirty.
the crossing. The approaching train mobile phone use by transmitting a Electronic Licenses
warnings can be provided to drivers signal on the same frequency as the
as visual and/or auditory warnings mobile phone signal and at a high Electronic licenses or keys can be
located within the vehicle or in the enough level so that the two signals used to prevent drivers from driving
road environment around the crossing. cancel each other out. The mobile phone outside the conditions of their license
detector/alerter fitted in the vehicle (e.g., preventing drivers from driving
Keeping a safe following
distance that can determine if a mobile phone during certain hours or from driving
is being used. This system would then certain vehicle types). Electronic licenses
The rear-end collisions constitute a issue a warning signal on the exterior of could be linked to their owners in order
major proportion of all police-reported the vehicle that alerts the Police. Mobile to prevent people from using another
road crashes, particularly in urban phone alerters are currently used in driver’s license to start the vehicle, by
areas. In majority of cases, the rear hospitals, where mobile phone signals requiring drivers to input a PIN number
-end collision is attributed to one or can interfere with medical equipment. or scan their fingerprint when they enter
both of two principal factors: driver in ALPR System and EVI the vehicle.
attention or distraction and following Heavy vehicles
a lead vehicle too closely. Rear collision ALPR system is capable of
warning devices have been designed automatically detecting and reading the Weigh-in-motion stations and
to monitor the time headway between registration/license plates of vehicles vehicle length measuring devices are
vehicles and either alert the driver about that pass the system’s cameras. installed at a number of locations to
an impending collision (Forward Collision ALPR systems fitted to Police vehicles detect violations of heavy vehicle mass
Warning) or assist the driver to maintain would prevent Police from having to and dimension limits. Cameras or ALPR
an appropriate time headway from the manually enter vehicle licence plate systems could also be linked to these
measuring stations to identify vehicles
lead vehicle by issuing visual and/or information into their on-board system,
auditory alerts when drivers reach an decreasing their chance of being involved that exceed the maximum weight and
unsafe following distance (Following in a distraction-related incident. dimension limits and issue infringement
Distance Warning). Time headway is Electronic Vehicle Identification (EVI) notices to the vehicle owner, driver or
defined as the distance in meters from a devices can identify vehicles through an other responsible party.
vehicle ahead divided by speed in meters electronic tag located on the vehicle that CCTV for Violation Detection
per second. Close following detection contains unique vehicle information using Closed Circuit Television (CCTV)

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